Scheda PERLA FINAL




Informazioni generali

Theory Grant: "PERLA: Pevatron Emission Relayed LAnguages"

PERLA

Progetto

Programma

RSN4

Attività: Nuova; Data inizio: 2023; Data fine: 2025

martina.cardillo martina.cardillo@inaf.it

LHAASO ha recentemente rivelato 12 sorgenti galattiche a E>100 TeV (PeVatroni), dando una svolta nella ricerca dell’origine dei Raggi Cosmici Galattici (GCRs). La maggior parte delle sorgenti, infatti, sembra emettere altissime energie (VHE) tramite processi leptonici, dimostrando che un’emissione VHE non può essere considerata la prova dell’accelerazione di CRs (processi adronici). Inoltre, si conferma che sorgenti diverse dai candidati standard, i Resti di Supernova (SNRs), possono accelerare i GCRs. Tramite modelli teorici e il confronto tra dati multi-frequenza, PERLA porterà avanti uno studio parallelo dell’emissione gamma e neutrinica dai candidati PeVatroni, per sviluppare un quadro teorico attorno ai risultati LHAASO e aprire la strada all'interpretazione delle osservazioni future.

The recent detection of 12 gamma-ray Galactic sources at E>100 TeV (PeVatrons) by LHAASO has been a breakthrough in the Cosmic Ray (CR) origin search. Indeed, most of these sources likely emit very high energy (VHE) photons from leptonic processes, showing that a VHE gamma-ray detection cannot be itself considered the final proof of CR acceleration (hadronic process). Moreover, this confirms that sources other than the standard candidates, Supernova Remnants, can accelerate Galactic CRs. Through models and comparative analyses of multi-wavelength data, Perla will perform a study of gamma-ray and neutrino emission from PeVatrons candidates, starting from SNRs, to develop a theoretical framework around the LHAASO results and pave the way to the interpretation of future observations.

Fisica degli oggetti compatti galattici ed extragalattici

Fenomeni non termici, raggi cosmici e astroparticelle


Team Summary

15. Personale INAF coinvolto
Numero di partecipanti INAF al progetto: 7
Struttura Nfte N0 TI 2023 TI 2024 TI 2025 TD 2023 TD 2024 TD 2025 Nex Extra
IAPS ROMA 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.00
Totali 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.00
16. Personale Associato INAF coinvolto
Numero di partecipanti Associati INAF: 1
# Struttura TI 2023 TI 2024 TI 2025 TD 2023 TD 2024 TD 2025 Extra
1 IAPS ROMA 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0.00
Totali 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Fondi a sostegno

21. Totale fondi a disposizione (dato aggregato, k€)
Certi 2023 Certi 2024 Certi 2025 Presunti 2023 Presunti 2024 Presunti 2025
0 0 0 0 0 0

Produzione scientifica e tecnologica

22. Produzione scientifica e tecnologica - Highlights
# DOI Descrizione Azione
1 10.48550/arXiv.2302.10059 Titolo:"The ASTRI Mini-Array: in the search for hidden Pevatrons" Autori: "M.Cardillo for the ASTRI project" Year: 2023
2 10.3390/galaxies7020049 Titolo: "The Important Role of Cosmic-Ray Re-Acceleration" Autori: "M.Cardillo" Year: 2019
3 10.1051/0004-6361/201628669 Titolo: "Supernova remnant W44: a case of cosmic-ray reacceleration"; Autori: M. Cardillo and E. Amato and P. Blasi; Year:2016
4 10.1093/mnras/stz812 Titolo: "A new hard X-ray-selected sample of extreme high-energy peaked BL Lac objects and their TeV gamma-ray properties", Autori: Foffano, L., Prandini, E., Franceschini, A. ; Paiano, S. , year: 2019
5 10.3847/1538-4357/ac46fc Titolo: "Absorption Features in Sub-TeV Gamma-Ray Spectra of BL Lac Objects"; Autori: L. Foffano and V. Vittorini and M. Tavani and E. Menegoni; Year: 2022
6 10.1088/1742-6596/689/1/012010 Titolo: "Methodological studies on the search for Gravitational Waves and Neutrinos from Type II Supernovae"; Autori: "C.Casentini"; Year: 2016
7 10.3847/1538-4357/acb496 Titolo: "X-Ray Polarimetry Reveals the Magnetic-field Topology on Sub-parsec Scales in Tycho's Supernova Remnant", Autori: "R. Ferrazzoli, P. Slane, D. Prokhorov, P. Zhou, J. Vink, N. Bucciantini, E. Costa, N. Di Lalla, A. Di Marco, Paolo Soffitta.... Year: 2023
8 10.1051/0004-6361/201219145 Titolo: "The AGILE monitoring of Cygnus X-3: transient gamma-ray emission and spectral constraints"; Autori: G. Piano and M. Tavani and V. Vittorini and A. Trois and A. Giuliani and A. Bulgarelli and Y. Evangelista ....; Year:2012
9 10.1088/2041-8205/732/2/L22 Titolo: "Spectral Evolution of the 2010 September Gamma-Ray Flare from The Crab Nebula"; Autori: "V. Vittorini, M. Tavani, G. Pucella, E. Striani, I. Donnarumma, P. Caraveo, A. Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, A. Pellizzoni, A. Trois....; Year: 2011
10 10.3847/1538-3881/ac19b0 Titolo: "The Instrument of the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer", Autori: P. Soffitta, L. Baldini, R. Bellazzini, E. Costa, L. Latronico, F. Muleri, E. Del Monte, S. Fabiani, M. Minuti, M. Pinchera,.... Year: 2021



Informazioni Pubbliche

<p>High Energy Astrophysics; Gamma-rays; Gamma-ray sources; Plasma Astrophysics; Magnetic recconnection; Cosmi Ray sources; Galactic Cosmic Rays; CRAB Nebula; Pulsar Wind Nebulae; Supernova Remnants; Blazars; Jets; Active Galactic Nuclei; Neutrino Astronomy; Shock: Starburst Galaxies</p><p>Le linee di ricerca sono connesse a quelle di:</p><p><span style="font-family: var(--bs-font-sans-serif); font-size: 1rem;">AGILE; ASTRI; MAGIC; CTA; CTA-LST; FERMI e delle seguenti schede INAF: scheda AGILE (Pittori), scheda PROGRESS (Antonelli),&nbsp;</span>scheda GAMMA2 (Vercellone); scheda Blazar (Vittorini); scheda CRAB (Vittorini);&nbsp; scheda SSDC (Matteo Perri), IXPE</p>

<p><span id="docs-internal-guid-d5442b3b-7fff-7112-e1db-c89f2a23b74e"></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;text-align: justify;margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">According to </span><a href="http://www.inaf.it/it/sedi/sede-centrale-nuova/consiglio-scientifico/consiglio-scientifico/archivio_verbali/2019/documento-visione-strategica" style="text-decoration:none;"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#1155cc;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">The INAF Strategic Vision document (2019</span></a><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">PERLA</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> perfectly matches most of the key questions related to “Relativistic astrophysics and astroparticles”. Moreover, it</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#212529;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> will support the INAF </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#212529;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">research line followed in its </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#212529;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">large experimental programmes</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#212529;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> which play a crucial role in investigating the nature of PA and the origin of CRs. Indeed, </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">at the end of these two years, we will form </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">a strong INAF team</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> ready to understand </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">new data</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> that will be collected by present and future </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">INAF</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> [</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">AGILE</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> (Tavani+09), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">MAGIC</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> (Aleksic+12), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">LST-1 </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Cortina+19), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">IXPE </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Soffitta+21, Weisskopf+22), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">ASTRI MA </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Pareschi13, Scuderi19, Giro19, Scuderi22, Vercellone22), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">CTAO </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(CTA collab.19),</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> SWGO </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Huentemeyer+19)] and </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">external projects</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> (</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Fermi-LAT </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Atwood+09)</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">H.E.S.S. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Aharonian+06</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">), VERITAS </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Weekes+02)</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">, KM3NeT </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Adrian-Martinez+16)</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">, the IceCube-Gen2</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> (Ishihara19), and the same </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">LHAASO (</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Di Sciascio+16) ]</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">.</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Some PERLA members were LOC/SOC members of the workshop PASTO (</span><a href="https://indico.ict.inaf.it/event/1785/" style="text-decoration:none;"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;color:#1155cc;background-color:#ffffff;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">https://indico.ict.inaf.it/event/1785/</span></a><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">) focused on PA .</span></p>

<p>ASTRI; CTA; LST; MAGIC; SSDC; IXPE<br></p>


15. Team members, Informazioni generali


15. Personale INAF coinvolto

# Nome E-mail Struttura TI Qualifica Ruolo nel Progetto FTE Impegnate (2023/2024/2025) FTE Presunte (2023/2024/2025) Extra
1 martina.cardillo martina.cardillo@inaf.it IAPS ROMA Y RICERCATORE Coordinator X X X X X X X OK
2 luca.foffano luca.foffano@inaf.it IAPS ROMA N ASSEGNISTA Member X X X X X X X OK
3 riccardo.ferrazzoli riccardo.ferrazzoli@inaf.it IAPS ROMA N ASSEGNISTA Member X X X X X X X OK
4 giovanni.piano giovanni.piano@inaf.it IAPS ROMA Y RICERCATORE Member X X X X X X X OK
5 valerio.vittorini valerio.vittorini@inaf.it IAPS ROMA Y RICERCATORE Memebr X X X X X X X OK
6 paolo.soffitta paolo.soffitta@inaf.it IAPS ROMA Y PRIMO RICERCATORE Member X X X X X X X OK
7 claudio.casentini claudio.casentini@inaf.it IAPS ROMA N ASSEGNISTA Member X X X X X X X OK

16. Personale Associato INAF coinvolto

# Nome E-mail Struttura TI Qualifica Ruolo nel Progetto FTE Impegnate (2023/2024/2025) FTE Presunte (2023/2024/2025) Extra
1 enrico.costa enrico.costa@inaf.it IAPS ROMA Y QUIESCENTE Member [0, 0, 0] [0.0, 0.0, 0.0] 0.0

21. Fondi a Sostegno Iniziativa

Possibili finanziamenti da parte di INAF (GRANT)


Tabella fondi:

# Provenienza Certi 2023 (k€) Certi 2024 (k€) Certi 2025 (k€) Presun. 2023 (k€) Presun. 2024 (k€) Presun. 2025 (k€) Totale Certi (k€) Totale Presunti (k€)


Tabella fondi Astrofisica Fondamentale e PNRR:
# Provenienza Fondi 2023 (€) Fondi 2024 (€) Fondi 2025 (€)