Scheda PERLA FINAL




Informazioni generali

Mini Grant: "PERLA: Pevatron Emission Relayed LAnguages"

PERLA

Progetto

Programma

RSN4

Attività: Nuova; Data inizio: 2024; Data fine: 2025

martina.cardillo martina.cardillo@inaf.it

LHAASO ha recentemente rivelato 12 sorgenti galattiche a E>100 TeV (PeVatroni), dando una svolta nella ricerca dell’origine dei Raggi Cosmici Galattici (GCRs). La maggior parte delle sorgenti, infatti, sembra emettere altissime energie (VHE) tramite processi leptonici, dimostrando che un’emissione VHE non può essere considerata la prova dell’accelerazione di CRs (processi adronici). Inoltre, si conferma che sorgenti diverse dai candidati standard, i Resti di Supernova (SNRs), possono accelerare i GCRs. Tramite modelli teorici e il confronto tra dati multi-frequenza, PERLA porterà avanti uno studio parallelo dell’emissione gamma e neutrinica dai candidati PeVatroni, per sviluppare un quadro teorico attorno ai risultati LHAASO e aprire la strada all'interpretazione delle osservazioni future.

The recent detection of 12 gamma-ray Galactic sources at E>100 TeV (PeVatrons) by LHAASO has been a breakthrough in the Cosmic Ray (CR) origin search. Indeed, most of these sources likely emit very high energy (VHE) photons from leptonic processes, showing that a VHE gamma-ray detection cannot be itself considered the final proof of CR acceleration (hadronic process). Moreover, this confirms that sources other than the standard candidates, Supernova Remnants, can accelerate Galactic CRs. Through models and comparative analyses of multi-wavelength data, Perla will perform a study of gamma-ray and neutrino emission from PeVatrons candidates, starting from SNRs, to develop a theoretical framework around the LHAASO results and pave the way to the interpretation of future observations.

Fisica degli oggetti compatti galattici ed extragalattici

Fenomeni non termici, raggi cosmici e astroparticelle


Team Summary

15. Personale INAF coinvolto
Numero di partecipanti INAF al progetto: 3
Struttura Nfte N0 TI 2024 TI 2025 TI 2026 TD 2024 TD 2025 TD 2026 Nex Extra
IAPS ROMA 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.00
Totali 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.00
16. Personale Associato INAF coinvolto
Numero di partecipanti Associati INAF: 1
# Struttura TI 2024 TI 2025 TI 2026 TD 2024 TD 2025 TD 2026 Extra
1 Università di Roma Tor Vergata 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Totali 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Fondi a sostegno

21. Totale fondi a disposizione (dato aggregato, k€)
Certi 2024 Certi 2025 Certi 2026 Presunti 2024 Presunti 2025 Presunti 2026
0 0 0 0 0 0

Produzione scientifica e tecnologica

22. Produzione scientifica e tecnologica - Highlights
# DOI Descrizione Azione
1 10.48550/arXiv.2302.10059 Titolo:"The ASTRI Mini-Array: in the search for hidden Pevatrons" Autori: "M.Cardillo for the ASTRI project" Year: 2023
2 10.3390/galaxies7020049 Titolo: "The Important Role of Cosmic-Ray Re-Acceleration" Autori: "M.Cardillo" Year: 2019
3 10.1051/0004-6361/201628669 Titolo: "Supernova remnant W44: a case of cosmic-ray reacceleration"; Autori: M. Cardillo and E. Amato and P. Blasi; Year:2016
4 10.1093/mnras/stz812 Titolo: "A new hard X-ray-selected sample of extreme high-energy peaked BL Lac objects and their TeV gamma-ray properties", Autori: Foffano, L., Prandini, E., Franceschini, A. ; Paiano, S. , year: 2019
5 10.3847/1538-4357/ac46fc Titolo: "Absorption Features in Sub-TeV Gamma-Ray Spectra of BL Lac Objects"; Autori: L. Foffano and V. Vittorini and M. Tavani and E. Menegoni; Year: 2022
6 10.3847/1538-4357/acb496 Titolo: "X-Ray Polarimetry Reveals the Magnetic-field Topology on Sub-parsec Scales in Tycho's Supernova Remnant", Autori: "R. Ferrazzoli, P. Slane, D. Prokhorov, P. Zhou, J. Vink, N. Bucciantini, E. Costa, N. Di Lalla, A. Di Marco, Paolo Soffitta.... Year: 2023
7 10.3390/app13116433 Titolo: The LHAASO PeVatron Bright Sky: What We Learned Autori:Cardillo, Martina and Giuliani, Andrea Publisher:MDPI AG Rivista: MDPI AG
8 10.1088/1475-7516/2023/08/047 Titolo: Interpreting the GeV-TeV gamma-ray spectra of local giant molecular clouds using GEANT4 simulation Autori:Roy, Abhijit and Joshi, Jagdish C. and Cardillo, Martina and Sarkar, Ritabrata Publisher:IOP Publishing Rivista: IOP Publishing
9 10.1016/j.jheap.2022.05.005 Titolo: ASTRI Mini-Array core science at the Observatorio del Teide Autori:Vercellone, S. and Bigongiari, C. and Burtovoi, A. and Cardillo, M. and Catalano, O. and Franceschin .... Publisher:Elsevier BV Rivista: Elsevier BV
10 10.1093/mnras/stad467 Titolo: Study of maximum electron energy of sub-PeV pulsar wind nebulae by multiwavelength modelling Autori:Joshi, Jagdish C and Tanaka, Shuta J and Miranda, Luis Salvador and Razzaque, Soebur Publisher:Oxford University Press (OUP) Rivista: Oxford University Press (OUP)



Informazioni Pubbliche

<p>High Energy Astrophysics; Gamma-rays; Gamma-ray sources; Plasma Astrophysics; Magnetic recconnection; Cosmi Ray sources; Galactic Cosmic Rays; CRAB Nebula; Pulsar Wind Nebulae; Supernova Remnants; Blazars; Jets; Active Galactic Nuclei; Neutrino Astronomy; Shock: Starburst Galaxies</p><p>Le linee di ricerca sono connesse a quelle di:</p><p><span style="font-family: var(--bs-font-sans-serif); font-size: 1rem;">AGILE; ASTRI; MAGIC; CTA; CTA-LST; FERMI e delle seguenti schede INAF: scheda AGILE (Pittori), scheda PROGRESS (Antonelli),&nbsp;</span>scheda GAMMA2 (Vercellone); scheda Blazar (Vittorini); scheda CRAB (Vittorini);&nbsp; scheda SSDC (Matteo Perri), IXPE, scheda SPEAR (Paolo Soffitta)</p>

<p><span id="docs-internal-guid-d5442b3b-7fff-7112-e1db-c89f2a23b74e"></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;text-align: justify;margin-top:12pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">According to </span><a href="http://www.inaf.it/it/sedi/sede-centrale-nuova/consiglio-scientifico/consiglio-scientifico/archivio_verbali/2019/documento-visione-strategica" style="text-decoration:none;"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#1155cc;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">The INAF Strategic Vision document (2019</span></a><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">PERLA</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> perfectly matches most of the key questions related to “Relativistic astrophysics and astroparticles”. Moreover, it</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#212529;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> will support the INAF </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#212529;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">research line followed in its </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#212529;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">large experimental programmes</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#212529;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> which play a crucial role in investigating the nature of PA and the origin of CRs. Indeed, </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">at the end of these two years, we will form </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">a strong INAF team</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> ready to understand </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">new data</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> that will be collected by present and future </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">INAF</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> [</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">AGILE</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> (Tavani+09), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">MAGIC</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> (Aleksic+12), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">LST-1 </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Cortina+19), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">IXPE </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Soffitta+21, Weisskopf+22), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">ASTRI MA </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Pareschi13, Scuderi19, Giro19, Scuderi22, Vercellone22), </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">CTAO </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(CTA collab.19),</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> SWGO </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Huentemeyer+19)] and </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">external projects</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> (</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Fermi-LAT </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Atwood+09)</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">H.E.S.S. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Aharonian+06</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">), VERITAS </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Weekes+02)</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">, KM3NeT </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">(Adrian-Martinez+16)</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">, the IceCube-Gen2</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> (Ishihara19), and the same </span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">LHAASO (</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Di Sciascio+16) ]</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">.</span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;"> </span><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Some PERLA members were LOC/SOC members of the workshop PASTO (</span><a href="https://indico.ict.inaf.it/event/1785/" style="text-decoration:none;"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;color:#1155cc;background-color:#ffffff;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">https://indico.ict.inaf.it/event/1785/</span></a><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Roboto,sans-serif;color:#000000;background-color:#ffffff;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">) focused on PA .</span></p>

<p>ASTRI; CTA; LST; MAGIC; SSDC; IXPE<br></p>


15. Team members, Informazioni generali


15. Personale INAF coinvolto

# Nome E-mail Struttura TI Qualifica Ruolo nel Progetto FTE Impegnate (2024/2025/2026) FTE Presunte (2024/2025/2026) Extra
1 martina.cardillo martina.cardillo@inaf.it IAPS ROMA Y RICERCATORE PI X X X X X X X OK
2 luca.foffano luca.foffano@inaf.it IAPS ROMA N RICERCATORE CoI X X X X X X X OK
3 riccardo.ferrazzoli riccardo.ferrazzoli@inaf.it IAPS ROMA N RICERCATORE CoI X X X X X X X OK

16. Personale Associato INAF coinvolto

# Nome E-mail Struttura TI Qualifica Ruolo nel Progetto FTE Impegnate (2024/2025/2026) FTE Presunte (2024/2025/2026) Extra
1 alan.sunny alan.sunny@inaf.it Università di Roma Tor Vergata N Dottorando CoI [0, 0, 0] [0.0, 0.0, 0.0] 0.0

21. Fondi a Sostegno Iniziativa

Possibili finanziamenti da parte di INAF (GRANT)


Tabella fondi:

# Provenienza Certi 2024 (k€) Certi 2025 (k€) Certi 2026 (k€) Presun. 2024 (k€) Presun. 2025 (k€) Presun. 2026 (k€) Totale Certi (k€) Totale Presunti (k€)


Tabella fondi Astrofisica Fondamentale e PNRR:
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